![]() After moving to Pei County, Lü Wen held a feast for the local elite. Liu's wife, Lü Zhi, was the daughter of Lü Wen ( 呂文), a wealthy and influential gentry from Shanfu County. While performing statute labour in Xianyang, the Qin capital, he witnessed Qin Shi Huang undertaking an inspection tour the royal procession impressed Liu. Liu Bang forged close relationships with most of the local county bureaucrats, and earned a small reputation in the district. His close friends at the county office, Xiao He and Cao Shen, hid his delinquent behaviour and helped him to be appointed as the local sheriff ( 亭長) at Sishui Pavilion ( 泗水亭). Liu lived with Zhang Er until the latter went into hiding after the conquest of Chu by Qin. Later, he became good friends with Zhang Er ( Chinese: 張耳, ?–202 BCE), the magistrate of the nearby Waihuang County and former retainer of Lord Xinling. Īccording to records, the young Liu was outspoken, charismatic, generous, and forbearing, but he had little interest in education or work and frequently ran into trouble with the law he was dependent on his brother for subsistence and his father called him "little rascal". According to legend, Liu Bang was conceived after Liu Ao encountered a dragon during a rainstorm. "Old Madam Liu") His family was from Zhongyang ( 中陽里) ( Feng ( 丰邑) district, Pei County ( 沛縣)) in the state of Chu. ![]() Liu Bang was born during the late years of the Warring States period his parents are only remembered as " Liu Taigong" (劉太公 lit. Many ancient Chinese noble families claimed descent from the Yellow Emperor to justify their right to rule. In imperial Han myth, Liu Bang's ancestors were the mythical Emperor Yao and the Yellow Emperor. 4.4 Battle of Chenggao and Treaty of Hong Canal.He died in 195 BCE and was succeeded by his son, Liu Ying. He also initiated the policy of heqin to maintain a de jure peace between the Han Empire and the Xiongnu after losing the Battle of Baideng in 200 BCE. During his reign, Liu Bang reduced taxes and corvée, promoted Confucianism, and suppressed revolts by the lords of non-Liu vassal states, among many other actions. In 202 BC, Liu Bang emerged victorious following the Battle of Gaixia, unified most of China under his control, and established the Han dynasty with himself as the founding emperor. Within the year, Liu Bang broke out with his army and conquered the Three Qins, starting a civil war known as the Chu–Han Contention as various forces battled for supremacy over China. He won the race against fellow rebel leader Xiang Yu to invade the Qin heartland and forced the surrender of the Qin ruler Ziying in 206 BC.Īfter the fall of the Qin, Xiang Yu, as the de facto chief of the rebel forces, divided the former Qin Empire into the Eighteen Kingdoms, and Liu Bang was forced to accept the poor and remote Bashu region (present-day Sichuan, Chongqing, and southern Shaanxi) with the title "King of Han". With the First Emperor's death and the Qin Empire's subsequent political chaos, Liu Bang renounced his civil service position and became an anti-Qin rebel leader. Prior to coming to power, Liu Bang initially served for the Qin dynasty as a minor law enforcement officer in his home town Pei County, within the conquered state of Chu. Liu Bang was one of the few dynasty founders in Chinese history who was born into a peasant family. His temple name was "Taizu" while his posthumous name was Emperor Gao, or Gaodi "Gaozu of Han", derived from the Records of the Grand Historian, is the common way of referring to this sovereign even though he was not accorded the temple name "Gaozu", which literally means "High Founder". Emperor Gaozu of Han (256 – 1 June 195 BC), born Liu Bang ( Chinese: 劉邦 pinyin: Liú Bāng) with courtesy name Ji (季), was the founder and first emperor of the Han dynasty, reigning in 202–195 BC.
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